Establishment of a rapid method for quality assessment of cardiotonic effect of Shengfupian / 药学学报

Based on the similar structure of adrenaline shared by higenamine (HI), salsolinol (SA) and coryneine (CO), a photochemical colorimetric sensor based on the displacement reaction of o-diphenol hydroxyl group and alizarin red S-phenylboric acid system was constructed to quickly distinguish and identify the cardiac strength of Shengfupian. The results show that the optimal condition of the sensor is: the molar ratio of alizarin red S (ARS) to phenylboric acid (PA) is 1∶3, reaction temperature is 0 ℃; The preparation method of the sample solution is optimized as follows: 2.5 g of Shengfupian powder was taken, 10 times the amount of methanol was added, and 300 W, 40 kHz ultrasound was carried out for 15 min; methodological studies showed that the method had good precision, repeatability and stability. The |△G| value (G is green, |△G| = |G after - G before|) of each sample was obtained by response values determination of 14 batches of Shengfupian. LC-MS/MS was used to determine the contents of three cardiac components in Shengfupian. It was found that the order of the total contents of cardiotonic components was basically consistent with |△G|. Then the correlation was analyzed, and the correlation coefficient R2 was as high as 0.87, which proved the scientificity and accuracy of this method. This study fills the methodological gap of rapid evaluation of the quality of Shengfupian, and provides the key technical support for the high quality and good price of Shengfupian in the market circulation and clinical application.

Strategies and ideas of comprehensive development and utilization of medicine and food homologous variety Phyllanthus emblica / 中国中药杂志

Phyllanthus emblica is a kind of traditional medicine and medicinal and edible plant, with rich variety resources and high development value. It is a key poverty alleviation variety in China at present. As P. emblica processing industry is rising gradually in recent years, in order to fully develop and utilize its industrial resources, this paper systematically introduces current comprehensive development and utilization of P. emblica, discusses the problems in P. emblica processing industry, and puts forward comprehensive development and utilization strategies and industrial models in terms of cultivation, breeding, grading, quality evaluation and waste recycling, so as to provide a certain reference for promoting the high-quality development of P. emblica industry in China.

Effect of Removing Core on Quality of Phyllanthi Fructus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The differences of chemical compositions and pharmacological activities between the core and pulp of Phyllanthi Fructus were investigated by chemical analysis and <italic>in vitro</italic> test to explore the effect of the core on the quality of this medicinal material. Method:Literature， medicinal material standards and market research on the appearance of Phyllanthi Fructus were conducted based on existing databases. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS） was used to identify the constituents of the core and pulp. The analysis was performed on Thermo Scientific Accucore C₁₈ column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 2.6 μm） with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-methanol （B） for gradient elution （0-25 min， 5%B； 25-30 min， 5%-95%B； 30-35 min， 95%-5%B）， the flow rate was 0.2 mL·min^-1， heating electrospray ionization （HESI） was adopted with positive and negative ion modes， and the scanning range was <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 100-1 500. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to determine the contents of gallic acid， corilagin， chebulagic acid and ellagic acid in the core and pulp of Phyllanthi Fructus. Analysis was performed on Welchrom C₁₈ column （4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm） with mobile phase of methanol （A）-0.05% phosphoric acid aqueous solution （B） for gradient elution （0-6 min， 5%A； 6-15 min， 5%-7%A； 15-20 min， 7%-15%A； 20-25 min， 15%-21%A； 25-31 min， 21%-22%A； 31-41 min， 22%A； 41-47 min， 22%-28%A； 47-51 min， 28%-32%A； 51-57 min， 32%-38%A； 57-70 min， 38%-45%A； 70-80 min， 45%-65%A； 80-85 min， 65%-5%A）， the detection wavelength was set at 270 nm. The antibacterial effects of the core and pulp of Phyllanthi Fructus on <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> and <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> were investigated by filter paper method， and their antioxidant activities were compared by 1，1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging assay. Result:A total of 47 compounds were identified in the core and pulp of Phyllanthi Fructus， mainly including tannins， flavonoids， phenolic acids， fatty acids， amino acids， organic acids， saccharides and glycosides， most of which were concentrated in the pulp， and the fatty acids in the core accounted for a higher proportion. The contents of gallic acid， corilagin， chebulagic acid， ellagic acid and other phenolic compounds in the pulp of 20 batches of Phyllanthi Fructus were much higher than those in the core. The results of antibacterial test showed that the core of Phyllanthi Fructus with different concentrations had no antimicrobial effect. The DPPH radical scavenging test showed that the antioxidant activity of the core ［half-inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀）=199.632 mg·L^-1］ was much less than that of the pulp （IC₅₀=12.688 mg·L^-1）. Conclusion:From the perspectives of polyphenol content， antibacterial and antioxidant activities， it is scientific to use Phyllanthi Fructus pulp in ancient and modern times， which may be to remove the secondary parts of Phyllanthi Fructus， so as to enhance the actual utilization rate and therapeutic effect of medicinal materials. In view of the large proportion of the core of Phyllanthi Fructus and its high content of fatty acids and other components， whether or not to use it remains to be further studied in clinical application.

Preliminary Study on Commodity Grade Classification of Phyllanthi Fructus Based on Color Component Correlation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To provide a scientific basis for the classification of Phyllanthi Fructus product grades. Method:A total of 30 batches of Phyllanthi Fructus currently available in the market were collected for quantification based on such appearance indexes as diameter， thickness， grain weight， and crust colour （<italic>L</italic>^*， <italic>a</italic>^*， and <italic>b</italic>^* values）. The contents of gallic acid， corilagin， chebulagic acid， and ellagic acid were measured by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， followed by descriptive statistical analysis （DSA）， analysis of variance （ANOVA）， and principal component analysis （PCA） to determine the importance of each main index and explore the correlations between the appearance indexes and internal components. The classification standard of Phyllanthi Fructus product grades was formulated， and its scientificity was verified in hepatocelular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Result:The correlation analysis revealed that the crust colour <italic>L</italic>^*， <italic>a</italic>^*， and <italic>b</italic>^* values were significantly negatively correlated with corilagin， chebulagic acid， and ellagic acid （<italic>|r|</italic>>0.5， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， but irrelevant to gallic acid （<italic>|r|</italic><0.1）. Considering the variable coefficient of each index， PCA results， and the requirement of gallic acid as quality indicator for Phyllanthi Fructus in <italic>Chinese Pharmacopoeia</italic>， the crust colour <italic>L</italic>^*， <italic>a</italic>^*， and <italic>b</italic>^* values and gallic acid content were determined to be the classification indexes. The K-means cluster analysis confirmed that products with crust colour <italic>L</italic>^*<44， <italic>a</italic>^*<7， and <italic>b</italic>^*<10 and gallic acid content >1.6% could be classified into the first class， and those failing to meet the above requirements into the second class. The cell experiment demonstrated that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） of the first-class product against hepatocelular carcinoma HepG2 cells was lower than that of the second-class product. A colourimetric card was developed based on crust colour <italic>L</italic>^*， <italic>a</italic>^*， and <italic>b</italic>^* values to provide a visual tool for on-site evaluation of Phyllanthi Fructus products. Conclusion:This study has initially established the classification standard of Phyllanthi Fructus product grades， which contributes to guiding price negotiation of Phyllanthi Fructus products based on quality grade and thus ensuring high quality and high price.

Antipyretic activity and potential mechanism of Indigo Naturalis on 2,4-dinitrophenol-induced fever rat model / 中国中药杂志

As an effective antipyretic medicine,Indigo Naturalis has a long history of application in the field of Chinese medicine.The content of organics,mainly indigo and indirubin,is about 10%. However,the active ingredients and mechanism of its antipyretic effect have not yet been fully elucidated. In view of this,they were investigated in this study with the rectal temperature change as an indicator and 2,4-dinitrophenol-induced fever rats as subjects. The content of PGE2 and c AMP in the hypothalamus and the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 were determined by ELISA. Moreover,the plasma samples of fever rats were analyzed by metabonomics in combination with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS for the exploration of potential biomarkers and the discussion on the antipyretic mechanism of Indigo Naturalis and its active ingredients. The results showed that the rising trend of rectal temperature in rats was suppressed 0. 5 h after the treatment with Indigo Naturalis,organic matter,indigo or indirubin as compared with the rats of model group( P < 0. 05),among which Indigo Naturalis and organic matter had better antipyretic effect. ELISA results showed that organic matter and indigo can inhibit the expression of PGE2 and c AMP( P<0. 01),while Indigo Naturalis and organic matter were effective in curbing the increase in TNF-α( P<0. 05). A total of 21 endogenous metabolites were identified from the plasma samples of the Indigo Naturalis,organic matter,indigo and indirubin groups,which were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Changes in forms of Indigo Naturalis slices in ancient and modern times: a systematic study on quality of purified Indigo Naturalis and crude Indigo Naturalis / 中国中药杂志

Indigo Naturalis has a long history of medicinal use with particularity and complexity in its processing. Before the Ming dynasty,Indigo Naturalis was extracted from the top layer of zymotic fluid,called " purified Indigo Naturalis". In modern processing,the precipitate " crude Indigo Naturalis" is dried to produce Indigo Naturalis after impurity removal. The form of Indigo Naturalis slices has undergone significant changes in ancient and modern times. In view of this,the quality comparison between crude Indigo Naturalis and purified Indigo Naturalis was conducted in this study with modern analytical techniques. Firstly,chemical composition was analyzed with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS,and the chemical composition of scent with HS-SPME/GC-MS/MS. The content of indigo,indirubin,total ash,and water-soluble extract was determined as well as the inorganic composition in crude Indigo Naturalis and purified Indigo Naturalis. Then,their microscopic morphology was observed and the surface element composition was investigated. Finally,the antipyretic activities of crude Indigo Naturalis and purified Indigo Naturalis were compared in the fever rat model induced by lipopolysaccharide and 2,4-dinitrophenol. The results demonstrated that the purified Indigo Naturalis had a faster and more lasting antipyretic effect,while the crude Indigo Naturalis had almost no antipyretic effect. This study is of great significance to the research on processing technology of Indigo Naturalis and provides reference for the formulation of its quality standards,production specifications and calibration procedures.

Development of a novel and practical bioassay for the quality evaluation and control of Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum based on the detection of digestive enzyme activity / 药学学报

Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum (GGEC) represents digestion-promoting medicines with measurable effects and extensive clinical application. However, its effective components are not clear. The quality control index in the current edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia is rather elementary and does not reflect its clinical efficacy. In this study, a bioassay method based on pepsin activity was proposed as a novel quality control method. With pepsin activity as the evaluation index, the extraction of GGEC was optimized and a method for the determination of biological potency was established by using the qualitative reaction parallel line method. The biological potency and consistency of 20 batches of GGEC were investigated. To provide scientific evidence in support of this bioassay method, two validation experiments were designed. One was to study the viscosity-reducing activity of a nutritional semi-solid paste after adding GGEC samples with differing potency. The other was to correlate the gastric residual rate in mice and pepsin activity with the alcohol soluble extract content. The results showed that the optimal preparation method was to dilute crude powder of GGEC with 50 volumes of water and subject to ultrasonic extraction at 300 W and 40 kHz for 0.5 h. The shape of the dose-response curve was similar to that of the positive control drug multienzyme tablets and the precision, intermediate precision and repeatability met the methodology requirements. The results showed that the potency of 20 batches of samples ranged from 13.49 to 34.69 U·mg-1, with an average value of 22.21 U·mg-1. The validation experiment demonstrated that the effect of reducing the viscosity of the nutrient paste became more significant as GGEC sample potency increased. The correlation coefficient R of gastric residual rate with pepsin potency and alcohol soluble extract content was 0.867 and 0.518, respectively, which indicated that the pepsin potency was highly correlated with in vivo activity. This study shows that a bioassay method based on pepsin activity is reliable and reproducible for GGEC and could provide reference method for the quality evaluation of other digestant herbs.

Correlation between internal damage due to seven emotions in traditional Chinese medicine and pathogenesis of breast cancer from perspective of psychological stress / 中国中药杂志

Breast cancer is a major chronic disease threatening women's health. It has topped the global cancers as the diagnosed cases outnumbered lung cancer patients in 2020. Internal damage due to the seven emotions is an important cause of breast cancer and the disorders of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis and endocrine system and the abnormal immune defense mechanism in response to psychological stress all affect the occurrence and development of breast cancer. It is noteworthy that the theory of seven emotions in traditional Chinese medicine and the psychological stress theory of modern medicine have something in common in some aspects. Therefore, this study explored the correlation between internal damage due to the seven emotions and psychological stress and analyzed the molecular biological mechanisms of psychological stress influencing breast cancer from the perspective of modern medicine, which is helpful to reasonably prevent breast cancer and other related tumors and improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients through emotion regulation.

Research progress of Phyllanthi Fructus and prediction of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Phyllanthi Fructus, a unique Chinese and Tibetan medicinal plant with both edible and medical values, has high potential of cultivation and development. The resources of Phyllanthi Fructus in China are rich, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, etc. Phyllanthi Fructus is widely used in the clinical practice of Chinese medicine and plays an important role in Tibetan medicine, Uyghur medicine, Yi medicine, and Mongolian medicine. Phyllanthi Fructus mainly contains phenolic acids,tannins, terpenes, sterols, fatty acids, flavonoids, amino acids and other compounds. Modern pharmacological studies show that Phyllanthi Fructus has antioxidant, anticancer, blood lipid-lowering, liver protective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulatory activities. In this paper, the research status of Phyllanthi Fructus was reviewed from the aspects of herbal textual research,chemical composition, and pharmacological action. The quality markers(Q-markers) of Phyllanthi Fructus were predicted and analyzed from the aspects of biogenic pathway, specificity and measurability of chemical components, efficacy, properties, new clinical uses, drug-food homology, and transformation of polyphenols. The results will provide a scientific basis for the quality control, quality evaluation, and standard formulation of Phyllanthi Fructus.

The key to fine manufacturing of liquid polyphenol preparations: the principle of multi-precipitation with steady-state reconstruction / 药学学报

Plant polyphenols have a wide range of pharmacological activities and application prospects. Liquid polyphenol preparations have special physical phases and complex chemical compositions, with problems such as poor stability and easy precipitation during production and marketing. Taking the multi-precipitation mechanism of plant polyphenol liquid preparations as an example,we discuss the chemistry and composition of the precipitation, how it forms, whether precipitationcan be controlled, and the interaction law of three precipitation approaches. An unstable mechanism model is proposed where hydrolyzed tannin hydrolysis and catechin non-enzymatic oxidative polymerization repeatedly induces associative colloid aggregation and precipitation. This study explains the complex physicochemical changes in polyphenol solutions and the microcosmic mechanism of instability in the induced system and proposes a steady state reconstruction of liquid polyphenol preparation consistent with the common law of precipitation and control. It has scientific significance for promoting the development and manufacture of high quality liquid polyphenol preparations.

Accurate positioning and analysis on health function of high frequency anti-fatigue herbal medicines / 中国中药杂志

Fatigue is a widespread and complex physiological phenomenon. Chronic fatigue can lead to cardiovascular dysfunction, mental disorders and other serious pathological reactions. Therefore, how to relieve fatigue accurately and effectively is an important proposition to implement the concept of "Healthy China" in the new era. As an important part of Chinese medicine health industry, Chinese medicine health food has been developing rapidly in recent years. At present, there are 1 157 kinds of anti-fatigue health food on the market in China, most of which are single Chinese medicine and its compound. However, their functions are generally labeled as "anti-fatigue", and their function positioning is too extensive and unclear. With the deepened understanding of fatigue classification and its physiological and pathological basis, it is urgent to be combined with the progress of modern chemical and pharmacological stu-dies to differentiate and precisely position the anti-fatigue health effects of traditional Chinese medicine. For this purpose, the classifications of fatigue were summarized in this paper, and the mechanism of fatigue was explained from the aspects of energy metabolism, accumulation of metabolites, oxidative stress, inflammation, hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis and so on. We selected 10 traditional Chinese medicines which are most frequently used in health food, analyzed their anti-fatigue effect mechanisms, and summarized the best types of anti-fatigue food, so as to promote the scientific development of anti-fatigue health food industry, expand the market application scope of anti-fatigue health food, better respond to the construction of a healthy China and serve for people's health.

Analysis of Chemical Components in Supernatant and Precipitate of Sanajon Oral Liquid Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE Technology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To analyze the main chemical components in the supernatant and precipitate of Sanajon oral liquid, so as to provide basis for establishing its quality standard and precipitation control technology. Method:UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE was used to analyze the chemical components in the supernatant and precipitate of this oral liquid. The analysis was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid solution (A) and acetonitrile (B) for gradient elution (0-1 min, 2%B; 1-2 min, 2%-5%B; 2-4 min, 5%-7%B; 4-6 min, 7%-24%B; 6-10 min, 24%-42%B; 10-12 min, 42%-54%B; 12-15 min, 54%-76%B; 15-18 min, 76%-100%B), the flow rate was set to 0.3 mL·min-1, the column temperature was 30 ℃, the injection volume was 2 µL. The mass spectrographic analysis was used with electrospray ionization (ESI), sample MS data was acquired by time-dependent MSE in negative ion mode, the collection range was m/z 50-1 200 (supernatant) and m/z 50-3 000 (precipitate). Then the chemical constituents were identified by the information of retention time, accurate relative molecular mass and secondary mass spectrum fragment. Result:Totally 61 compounds were identified in the supernatant, including tannins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, etc. Totally 15 compounds were identified in the precipitate, including tannins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty acids, etc. Conclusion:The hydrolyzed tannin of Sanajon oral liquid may be the potential material basis of its precipitate, and its precipitate is likely to be a complex precipitate mainly composed of ellagic acid and tanned red. The established UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE can quickly and comprehensively analyze the chemical composition of Sanajon oral liquid, which can provide a scientific basis for the researches of its material basis, precipitation mechanism and quality control.

HPLC Fingerprint Analysis of Liposoluble and Water-soluble Fractions of Xiaojinwan / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of liposoluble and water-soluble fractions of Xiaojinwan were established and the similarity of fingerprints was evaluated, so as to explore the quality consistency of Xiaojinwan. Method:Chromatographic separation was carried out on Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of 0.1% phosphoric acid solution (A)-acetonitrile (B) for gradient elution (liposoluble fraction of 0-5 min, 40%B; 5-10 min, 40%-50%B; 10-20 min, 50%-60%B; 20-30 min, 60%-65%B; 30-40 min, 65%-70%B; 40-50 min, 70%-80%B; 50-60 min, 80%-90%B; 60-65 min, 90%-95%B; 65-75 min, 95%-100%B; 75-80 min, 100%B; water-soluble fraction of 0-20 min, 2%-5%B; 20-30 min, 5%-10%B; 30-37 min, 10%-20%B; 37-45 min, 20%-30%B; 45-50 min, 30%-40%B; 50-58 min, 40%B), the flow rate was 1 mL·min-1, the column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelengths of the liposoluble and water-soluble fractions were 202, 250 nm, and their injection volumes were 10, 20 μL, respectively. A total of 30 batches of Xiaojinwan from five manufacturers were detected by HPLC, the chromatographic peaks of each part were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and identified. Result:A total of 55 chromatographic peaks were detected in the fingerprints, and the similarity of fingerprint of 30 batches of Xiaojinwan was quite different. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of fingerprint similarity of liposoluble and water-soluble fractions of Xiaojinwan were 21.5% and 32.8%, respectively. There were significant differences in the quality of samples from different manufacturers and the same manufacturer, and the chemical consistency evaluation results were dominated by liposoluble fraction, and the main reason for the chemical difference of this preparation was the composition of Liquidambaris Resina. Conclusion:The quality consistency of Xiaojinwan is poor. The establishment of two-fraction fingerprint provides a new idea for the overall quality evaluation and control of Xiaojinwan, and can provide a reference for the quality consistency evaluation of traditional pills.

Pharmaceutical mechanism and control strategy for storage of ellagic acid stably in traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid / 药学学报

Ellagic acid is ubiquitous in plants and is considered as a potential candidate for antioxidant and antineoplastic drugs. However, ellagic acid has poor solubility and precipitates easily even after initial solubilization. Improvement of its bioavailability has been a concern of pharmaceutical industry. It was found that storage in Sanlejiang oral liquid at low temperature keeps its stability. Ellagic acid is anomalous in a way that is easily soluble at low temperatures but precipitates at high temperatures. In order to reveal the mechanism of this phenomenon and develop precipitation prevention and control strategies, ellagic acid in Sanlejiang oral liquid was stored at high, medium and low temperatures for three months. The changes of composition and phase state of the whole system during storage were systematically tracked and studied by means of precipitation amount or morphology, HPLC chemical profile of supernatant versus precipitates, and comprehensive characterization of physical phase state. The results show that the amount of precipitation at low temperature is only 1/3 of that at normal room temperature. As the temperature rises, the sedimentation increases sharply. HPLC analyses of supernatant versus precipitates revealed that ellagic acid precipitation originated from two ways: chemical degradation and physical deposition. The chemical sedimentation is related to the hydrolysis of tannins under acidic condition, forming chebulagic acid and corilagin. Physical sedimentation is related to the decrease of the association degree and viscosity of polyphenol colloids when temperature rises. This study elucidated the stability mechanism of ellagic acid in liquid preparations of TCM, and provided the mechanistic basis for efficient utilization and solution prepartion of ellagic acid.

Optimized model for formulation prescription of traditional Chinese medicine buccal tablets based on temporal dominant description of sensations combined with multivariate statistical analysis:an example of Compound Caoshanhu Buccal Tablets / 中国中药杂志

The taste is the key to the research and design for formulation prescription of traditional Chinese medicine buccal tablets( TCMBTs). TCMBTs are dissolved in the oral cavity in parallel with the release of the drug,providing a sufficient " time window" for the perception of various basic taste,tactile and retention. The overall taste is the result of competitive inhibition,comprehensive superposition and dynamic change of multiple tastes. Traditional evaluation methods rely mostly on recalled experience score,difficult to reflect the dynamic changes of taste for buccal tablets. Therefore,it is urgent to establish a new optimized model for taste evaluation and formulation prescription according to the formulation characteristics of TCMBTs. To this end,this paper proposed for the first time to construct a research method for the optimal formulation of TCMBTs based on temporal dominant description of sensations combined with multivariate statistical analysis: the sensory test of volunteers was carried out by temporal dominant description analysis method,and elements separation was conducted for the time and taste in the process of inclusion to form a temporal dominant descriptive score of multi-time points and multi-sensory attributes. Finally,the optimal formulation was obtained by multivariate statistical analysis. Taking the formulation prescription of Compound Caoshanhu Buccal Tablets as an example,the research ideas of this method were explained,and the optimal formulation prescription was obtained as follows,Glabrous Sarcandra Extract of 20. 0 g,mannitol of 24. 0 g,microcrystalline cellulose of 12. 0 g,aspartame of 1. 0%,menthol of 0. 7%,and menthol oil of 0. 7%. This study provides a new method for the taste evaluation and formulation research of TCMBTs,providing a new idea for the fine manufacturing and innovative development of TCM buccal tablets in the new era.

Systematic review and comment on modern study of Xiaojin Pills / 中国中药杂志

Xiaojin Pill, was firstly recorded in Life-saving Manual of Diagnosis and Treatment of External Diseases, with its primitive name of "Xiaojin Dan". Xiaojin Pill is a classic prescription for treating carbuncle and it is the first choice for Chinese medicine in the clinical treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands. In this paper, the literature reports on Xiaojin Pills were summarized and the historical evolution, material basis, pharmacological action, quality control and other problems were systematically discussed to explore the potential problems in every aspect of the development status, and put forward the development countermeasures, providing reference for the modernization research and development of Xiaojin Pills.

Preparation and characterization of SiO2 solid dispersions of Curcumae longae Rhizoma extract / 中成药

AIM To prepare and characterize SiO2 solid dispersions of Curcumae longae Rhizoma extract.METHODS For the solid dispersions prepared by solvent evaporation method,its ratio of extract to carrier (SiO2) was screened by in vitro dissolution test,and the characterization was achieved by determination of particle size,specific surface area,porosity,micromorphology observation,infrared spectroscopy and X-ray.RESULTS When the ratio of extract to carfer was 1:8,three main components (bisdemethoxycurcumin,demethoxycurcumin and curcumin) in the extract reached the highest accumulative dissolution rates.Compared with physical mixture,the solid dispersions demonstrated lower particle size,specific surface area and porosity.Extract was dispensed in the carrier in an amorphous state.CONCLUSION SiO2 solid dispersions can obviously improve the dissolution rates of the main components in Curcumae longae Rhizoma extract.

Research progress in instability mechanism and stabilizer of anthocyanins in oral liquid preparation of traditional Chinese medicine / 药学学报

Anthocyanins has a high health benefits and biological activity, which can make the solution easily absorbed and has a bright color, beautiful appearance in oral liquid. However, due to its particularity antioxidant activity, it is easy to be affected by the external physical and chemical factors, and then oxidation, polymerization, degradation and other unstable phenomena occurs that seriously affect the stability of products and shelf life. The traditional methods of pH regulation, deoxygenation and light avoidance could not meet the demand of stable anthocyanins. Addition of stabilizer to anthocyanins is a new effective way to improve the stability of anthocyanins. This paper is prepared to summarize systematically the principle and application methods of anthocyanins stabilizers to explore the key technology of clarification and stabilization of traditional Chinese medicine in the natural oral liquid, which may provide theoretical support and technical reference for the development and utilization of anthocyanins stabilizer.

Quantification of astringency for traditional Chinese medicine based on animal preference index and electronic tongue / 中国中药杂志

Current evaluation method for astringency is mainly focused on human sensory evaluation. However, it is subjective, vague, and short of assessment indicators for objective quantification. In this paper, the quantification method for astringent intensity of traditional Chinese medicine was established based on the animal preference index and electronic tongue in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, the standard substance of astringency, tannic acid, was used for the methodology optimization and validation of two-bottle preference test. It was determined that the standard experimental animals were female rats of 140-180 g. The functional relationship between concentration of tannic acid and preference index was obtained Y= ln(1.682 6－0.441 66X), r=0.997 3. Then the typical astringent Chinese herbs Chebulae Fructus, Ardisiae Japonicae Herba, Canarii Fructus, Catechu, and Arecae Pericarpium were evaluated by the optimized method. Their corresponding concentration of tannic acid was converted by the concentration-preference index relationship through preference index. Their astringency was equivalent to 0.56, 0.29, 0.24, 0.34, 0.25 g•L⁻¹ tannic acid. Finally, the results were verified by electronic tongue. The correction analysis between Euclidean distance in PCA and preference index and concentration of tannic acid converted by samples showed a high correlation through pearson correlation analysis. The above results indicated that the method was objective, true and reliable. The method provided a reliable tool for the quantification of astringency and evaluation of taste masking effect for Chinese medicines, and also offered a new idea and model for the quantification of taste in the pharmaceutical and food fields.

A new strategy for Chinese medicine processing technologies: coupled with individuation processed and cybernetics / 中国中药杂志

The stable and controllable quality of decoction pieces is an important factor to ensure the efficacy of clinical medicine. Considering the dilemma that the existing standardization of processing mode cannot effectively eliminate the variability of quality raw ingredients, and ensure the stability between different batches, we first propose a new strategy for Chinese medicine processing technologies that coupled with individuation processed and cybernetics. In order to explain this thinking, an individual study case about different grades aconite is provided. We hope this strategy could better serve for clinical medicine, and promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine processing skills and theories.